SAPONINS

INTRODUCTION
Quinoa Saponins (Chenopodium Quinoa Willd). “Quinoa” is a Bolivian Cereal and the Saponins is a natural protector of the grain.

Saponins are glycosides with a distinctive foaming characteristic. They are found in many plants, but get their name from the soapwort plant (Saponaria), the root of which was used historically as a soap (Latin sapo ---> soap).
They consist of a polycyclic aglycone that is either a choline steroid or triterpenoid attached via C3 and an ether bond to a sugar side chain. The aglycone is referred to as the sapogenin and steroid saponins are called saraponins. The ability of a saponin to foam is caused by the combination of the nonpolar sapogenin and the water soluble side chain.

USES
Saponins extracts have a wide range of uses, mainly due to their capacity to adapt to different conditions and processes.
Food & Beverages, Cosmetic.
Mining (tensoactive in acid solutions to reduce acid mist emissions in copper and zinc electrowinning).
Agriculture (natural nematicide, wetting agent, root growth promoter).
Animal feed (ammonia controller, growth promoter, immunoestimulant).
Vaccines (adjuvant).
Waste treatment (increase microbial growth, improvement in oil and fat biodegradation, increase of oxygen transference).

Origin: Bolivia- Price Port Arica -Chile. Powder
Marks: Packages to be marked in English with exact description of contents, net weights, country of origin, full name and address of seller.
Payment: Cash against documents, on first presentation.
Indorsement Document: Letter of credit or to state Bank Consignee (for C.A.D). Advise information about your consignee bank (name, address, fax, telephone number, etc.).

PACKAGE:
1. Bags double polyethilene, paper bags (25 Kg. each).

WORKING CONDITIONS: FOB/Bolivia - CIF Arica - Chile.
Minimun Order:
- Natural Saponins Powder (Samples) 1/10 Kg. Airfreight/Courier.
- Product Powder Saponins Quinoa: 5/20 T/M Port Arica-Chile.
Time of delivery : 15 to 30 days after the standing order reception.

WAY OF PAYMENT :

1.- Confirmed, irrevocable at sight L/C.
2.- Direct bank transfer, with the standing order.
3.- With de Order 50%, Balance 50% with the copy of B/L.

Quinoa (From Wikipedia),
Quinoa is a species of goosefoot (Chenopodium) grown as a crop primarily for its edible seeds. It is a pseudograin and a pseudocereal rather than a true grain or a true cereal as it is not a grass. Its leaves are also eaten as a leaf vegetable, much like amaranth, but the commercial availability of quinoa greens is currently limited.

Quinoa originated in the Andean region of South America, where it has been an important food for 6,000 years.
Its name is the Spanish spelling of the Quechua name. Quinoa is generally undemanding and altitude-hardy, so it can be easily cultivated in the Andes up to about 4,000 meters.
Even so, it grows best in well-drained soils and requires a relatively long growing season. In eastern North America, it is susceptible to a leaf miner that may reduce crop success; this leaf miner also affects the common weed Chenopodium album, but C. album is much more resistant.

Quinoa was of great nutritional importance in pre-Columbian Andean civilizations, being secondary only to the potato, and followed in third place by maize. In contemporary times this crop has come to be highly appreciated for its nutritional value, and the United Nations has classified it as a supercrop for its very high protein content (12%–18%). Unlike wheat or rice (which are low in lysine), quinoa contains a balanced set of essential amino acids for humans, making it an unusually complete foodstuff.
This means it takes less quinoa protein to meet one's needs than wheat protein. According to the Benson Institute of Brigham Young University it is the most nutritious food in existance. It is a good source of dietary fiber and phosphorus and is high in magnesium and iron. Quinoa is gluten free and considered easy to digest.
Because of all these characteristics, quinoa is being considered as a possible crop in NASA's Controlled Ecological Life Support System for long-duration manned spaceflights.

Saponin content
In its natural state quinoa has a coating of bitter-tasting saponins, making it essentially unpalatable. Most quinoa sold commercially in North America has been processed to remove this coating. Some have speculated that this bitter coating may have caused the Europeans who first encountered quinoa to reject it as a food source, even as they adopted other indigenous products of the Americas like maize and potatoes.
However, this bitterness has beneficial effects in terms of cultivation, as it is a crop that is relatively untouched by birds and thus requires minimal protection. There have been attempts made to lower the saponin content of quinoa through selective breeding in order to produce sweeter and more palatable varieties of the crop.
However when these varieties were introduced by agronomists to native growers in the high plateau, they were rejected after just one season. The growers returned to their traditional high saponin varieties, the reason being that despite the newer varieties giving 'magnificent' yields, birds had consumed the entire crop.

The saponin content in quinoa can be mildly toxic, as can be the oxalic acid content found in the leaves of all of the chenopodium family. However, the risks associated with quinoa are minimal provided that it is properly prepared and leaves are not eaten to excess.

Quinoa is currently being studied by a number of researchers at various universities, notably a team led by Daniel Fairbanks at Brigham Young University's Department of Biology and Agriculture. Research is being done to increase the yields and palatability of quinoa without sacrificing its beneficial properties.